Magic squares and linear algebra

Document Type : Promotional Paper

Authors

Department of Mathematics, Qom University of Technology, Qom, Iran

Abstract

Magic squares are grids of real numbers where the sum of each row, column, and main diagonal is a constant value known as the magic constant. There are various types of magic squares, with some of the most common ones being zero, normal, regular and diagonal magic squares. These squares have been studied extensively from different perspectives. Filling methods for magic squares are interesting and detailed topics that have been extensively researched. In this article, we investigate the properties of magic squares in terms of their order, reversibility, dimension of the vector space they form, and eigenvalues.

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References

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History

  • Receive Date: 19 December 2020
  • Revise Date: 31 March 2021
  • Accept Date: 18 April 2021
  • Publish Date: 22 August 2020

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